Brief Introduction of 1. Oleamide and Erucamide
1.1. Oleic acid amide
Oleic acid amide belongs to unsaturated fatty acid amide, is a white crystalline or granular solid, polymorphic structure, odorless, it can reduce the resin in the process of internal friction between the film and conveying equipment friction, simplify the operation of the final product, thereby increasing production. For example, as a lubricant for polyethylene processing, it can reduce the melt viscosity of resin particles and improve fluidity.
Oleic acid amide: Oleamide, also known as: cis -9-octadecenamide
　　英文别名：cis-9-Octadecenoamide;cis-9,10-Octadecenoamide
Molecular formula (Formula):CH3(CH2)7CH = CH(CH2)7CONH2
　　分子量（Molecular Weight）：283.49
Appearance: white particles, or white powder, acid value: ≤ 1, melting point: 72~77 ℃, chroma: ≤ 2, iodine value: 80-90(gI2/100g)
1.2. Erucamide
As an important derivative of erucic acid, erucamide is a fine chemical product with a wide range of applications. Because of its high melting point and good thermal stability (stable at 273 ℃), it is mainly used as an anti-adhesive and slip agent for various plastics and resins, as well as an excellent lubricant and antistatic agent for extruded films.
Erucic acid amide: Erucylamide, also known as: cis -13-docosenoic acid amide
　　英文别名：Erucic Amide,Erucamide,Erucic Acid Amide,cis-13-docosenamide
Molecular formula (Formula):CH3(CH2)7CH = CH(CH2)11CONH2
　　分子量（Molecular Weight）：337.58
Appearance: white particles, or white powder, acid value: ≤ 1, melting point: 78~81 ℃, chroma: ≤ 2, iodine value: 75~82(gI2/100g)
1.3. The difference between oleic acid amide and erucic acid amide
The main purpose of erucic acid amide is smooth, anti-stick, bright; oleic acid amide is the opening, lubrication, anti-adhesion. Both uses are similar but not the same. If it is a general material plastic to do the opening, such as PVC/PE, oleic acid amide is the best, inexpensive. However, if it is used in some high-end plastics, such as PP/TPU/BOPP, erucic acid amide is used as an opening. The properties of erucic acid amide are better than oleic acid amide, because erucic acid amide has better stable processing performance than oleic acid amide and does not yellowing and aging. Another erucic acid amide precipitation is slow, so the long-term friction coefficient of erucic acid amide is lower than that of oleic acid amide.
Application of oleamide and erucamide in plastics and thermoplastic elastomers
Application of 2. Oilamide and Erucamide in Plastics
2.1. Low density polyethylene (LDPE, LLDPE) adding 0.05~0.2% of oleic acid amide, the friction coefficient of the film can be reduced by less than 50%; adding about 0.1% of oleic acid amide to its composite film, the static and dynamic friction coefficient is reduced to less than 0.3. The smoothness (smoothness) and opening of the film are significantly improved, without adverse effects on the mechanical properties. With the opening agent (silicon dioxide, talc, calcium sulfate, stearic acid amide, etc.) or antistatic agent (can be made into masterbatch added) the effect is better. It can effectively prevent the adhesion of the film and ensure excellent operation performance. It is especially suitable for automatic packaging (bag making) film, liquid packaging film and agricultural film.
2.2. In the extrusion blown film (PP film), the addition of 0.2-0.3% oleic acid amide can significantly reduce the friction coefficient of the film and produce a very smooth film. It can be used in combination with silica (opening agent) and calcium stearate (or made into masterbatch), and the effect will be better.
2.3. In CPP film (polypropylene cast film), adding 0.09~0.2% erucamide can effectively prevent adhesion, improve the slip of the product, smoothly lead out the film from the roller, and can also be used in conjunction with calcium stearate and silica.
2.4. In order to meet the requirements of a wide range of applications, the surface smoothness, anti-blocking and anti-static properties of biaxially oriented polypropylene film (BOPP) should be improved. The addition of anti-blocking agents can reduce the coefficient of friction of the film, but when a lower coefficient of friction is required, the slip agent: erucamide is required to meet the requirements of high-speed automatic packaging machines.
2.5. In linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE), adding about 0.1 erucamide can effectively prevent melt fracture at high shear rate, endow the finished surface with significant smoothness and brightness, effectively prevent the adhesion of agricultural film and packaging, and improve its processability. Generally, it should be used in combination with hydrated magnesium silicate (talc).
2.6. For transparent rigid PVC (films, bottles and sheets), organotin (tin mercaptide) is usually added as stabilizer. Melt added with organotin has strong adhesion tendency. To control its adhesion, amide (EBS) slip agent (lubricant) must be added, with the addition amount of 0.1-0.5. When amide wax (EBS) is used in combination with monoglyceric acid or monoglyceride, the surface of the finished product is very bright and smooth, which can effectively prevent the adhesion of the film.
2.7. Erucamide should be added as a slip agent in disposable syringes made of polypropylene, and oleamide should be added as a slip agent in disposable syringes made of polyethylene.
2.8. Adding appropriate amount of oleic acid amide to polyethylene thermoplastic powder can reduce melt viscosity and smooth lubrication, significantly improve the fluidity and vulcanization of powder coatings, and at the same time, it is also an excellent crushing agent for polyolefins to generate fine powder.
2.9. Erucic acid amide can also be used as a dispersant and lubricant for ABS and fiber masterbatch to improve the dispersion of pigments and other additives, to obtain uniform, striped-free coloring products, which can prevent fiber wrinkles and smooth surface.
2.10. Oleic acid amide and erucic acid amide also have a certain antistatic effect, which can reduce the accumulation of dust on the surface of the product. These two products have the United States (FDA) and European food contact use license, can be used for a variety of food packaging. In addition, the waterproof and moisture-proof properties of the film can be improved.
2.11. Lubricant of polyethylene, in order to prevent the adhesion of polyethylene itself, oleic acid amide is added during granulation, so that polyethylene can be smoothly carried out in injection molding and blow molding.
2.12. The lubricant of polypropylene, the fluidity of polypropylene is better than that of polyethylene, but the better the transparency of polypropylene film, the easier it is to agglomerate and stick. In addition, when used as a packaging material, if the lubricity is not good, the efficiency of the packaging operation may be reduced. If the addition of oleic acid amide in polypropylene can avoid the above disadvantages, and have a moderate lubricity also facilitate the opening of the packaging bag.
Application of 3. oleamide and erucamide in masterbatch
3.1. Oleic acid amide is an ideal dispersant for color masterbatches such as polyethylene and polypropylene. Its dispersion effect is better than polyethylene wax and other dispersants, can significantly improve its dispersibility and coloring strength, so that pigments (dyes) get the best dispersion, and can significantly reduce the viscosity of the masterbatch melt, effectively prevent the mutual adhesion between particles, because the masterbatch contains a large number of pigments, so in its production melt viscosity increased and production decreased. By using oleic acid amide, not only the dispersibility and coloring strength can be improved, but also the yield of masterbatch can be significantly increased. The addition of about 3% of oleamide to the masterbatch is equivalent to the effect of adding 8 to 15% of polyethylene wax. The specific addition amount (the best formula) must be determined according to the type of pigment (dye), the specification of the masterbatch, and its processing technology. When adding, attention should be paid to the uniformity of the adding amount to prevent the extruder from slipping.
3.2. The addition of polyethylene white and black masterbatch can replace imported diffusion oil, while the pigment content can be increased by 10 to 15%, the whiteness, blackness and finish are significantly improved, and the melt viscosity is significantly reduced. Under the same power, the output increases by 10 ~ 14% and the cost decreases correspondingly. It can also be used as a olefin reduction.
3.3. It is also used as a slip agent and opening agent for high density polyethylene (HDPE) packaging film. The addition amount is 0.05~0.2%. After addition, the film thickness can be uniform, wrinkles can be prevented, and the surface is smooth.
3.4. Oilamide has a good dispersion of inorganic flame retardants, which can reduce the amount of flame retardants, improve the mechanical properties of products and reduce costs. Is the development of new flame retardant masterbatch indispensable additives, but also to improve the mechanical properties of the product.
3.5. Adding 0.05% of oleamide to polyethylene cable material and all-plastic communication cable material can reduce the friction coefficient from 0.7 to 0.06. At the same time, it can also change its coloring and dispersion of carbon black, realize high-speed extrusion of cable material and improve the smoothness of the inner wall of cable material sheath.
3.6. Used as anti-sticking agent and slip agent for BOPP film, the addition amount is 0.05-0.2%, and can be made into masterbatch with other additives (or pigments).
Application of 4. Oleic Amide and Erucic Amide in TPE
4.1. Generally, if 0.05% erucamide is added to the low-hardness thermoplastic elastomer TPE-S, the appearance will be relatively smooth, but do not add too much, but there will be a smooth feeling. If you want to prevent the low-hardness TPE-S from sticking, you can add a little more and use it together with silicone lubricant, the effect will be better.
4.2. In the TPE-S of thermoplastic elastomers with medium and high hardness, erucic acid amide and oleic acid amide can be added. If aging resistance is required, erucic acid amide is recommend used. For specifications with higher oil content, erucic acid amide is also recommend.
4.3. In order to reduce the friction coefficient of the thermoplastic elastomer, erucic acid amide and oleic acid amide can be added. Considering the long-term effect, erucic acid amide is preferred, and the addition amount is about 1%, and silicone, fluorine additives, etc.
4.4. In thermoplastic rubber TPV, erucic acid amide is generally recommend because of the high processing temperature, and the addition amount is about 0.05%
He Hu of Jiangxi Zhilian New Materials Co., Ltd.